Blessings, curses and other mail.
Advanced Search
Site Map
Fruit of the Spirit
Events in Egypt, Israel/Judah, and Mesopotamia from the 3000th Year of the World to the 3200th Year of the World
One of a series of timeline studies:
In this time the Northern Kingdom (Israel) went into captivity in Assyria and the Southern Kingdom of Judah assumed administration of all the land under foreign empires; sometimes Egypt, sometimes Assyria. By the end of the period, the Egyptian Empire had shrunk to only the core teritories of Lower and Upper Egypt, The Great Assyrian Empire was gone, the land of Israel was depopulated, and Judah was captive in Babylon.
The Empire of Egypt begins the period with an Egyptian Pharaoh at Sais and a Libian Pharaoh at Tanis fighting over Lower Egypt. The Nubian (also called Ethiopian or Cushite) Pharaoh Piankhy at Thebes in Upper Egypt had invaded as far as Memphis.
In Mesopotamia, Assyria was fading from it's position as the only Super-power with the rise of Babylonian, Persian, and Median power.
Israel and Judah, forgotten on the boundaries of empires concerned with wars in their homelands, rebuild their territories and experience the moral decay attendant on easy wealth.
The Record opens with Amos sent to Beth El with a call to repentance, then Hosea, Isaiah and Micah add their voices...
Entries are color-coded and labeled (CSS2 is required for proper display, IE7 will not work right but both Firefox and Safari do). Events are described with clips from the second Book of the Kings, JPS translation of the Holy Scriptures, where available. For puroses of clarity, 'he' or 'him' is sometimes replaced with a proper name (eg. the entry for 3081 in 2 Kings 19:37 has 'as he was' and we show 'as Sennacherib was').
Birth-dates of kings are interpolated, where the scripture text provides a date and age at ascendency, a birth year is calculated and any comments identifying his mother are included
Prophets are included where their dates are known (or estimated from statements such as "in the days of Uzziah"), refer to their respective books on Mechon Mamre or Speedbible.com for further insight.
In this table dates are listed both in the Hebrew Year of the World (AM) and the western bce (Years Before Common Era, formerly BC). AM dates count up from leaving Eden, while the bce dates count down toward the life of Jesus.
| AM | bce. | Event | Verse |
|---|---|---|---|
| c. 3000 | c. 761 | The words of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel. | |
| c. 3002 | c. 759 | The great earthquake in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, remembered in Zechariah 14:5 (written at least 240 years later). | |
| c. 3005 | c. 756 | Amos' words are written to a scroll for his followers in Judah. (The first Prophet to leave us a written copy of his message) | |
| c. 3009 | c. 752 | Traditional date for the founding of Rome by Romulus. | |
| c. 3010 | c. 751 | The word of the LORD that came unto Hosea the son of Beeri, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel. | |
| 3016 | 745 | Tiglath-Pileser III becomes ruler of Assyria, institutes the system of mass deportations to break ancient alliances and lessen the outbreaks of rebelion. | |
| 3018 | 743 | And Jeroboam slept with his fathers, even with the kings of Israel; and Zechariah his son reigned in Samaria six months. | 15:8 |
| 3018 | 743 | And Shallum the son of Jabesh conspired against him, and smote him before the people, and slew him, and reigned in his stead, the space of a month in Samaria. | 15:9 15:10 |
| 3018 | 743 | And Menahem the son of Gadi went up from Tirzah, and came to Samaria, and smote Shallum the son of Jabesh in Samaria, and slew him, and reigned in his stead. | 15:19 |
| 3020 | * | Decade | |
| 3020 | 741 | Hezekiah ben Ahaz born, his mother's name was Abi the daughter of Zechariah. | 18:2 |
| 3021 | 740 | The vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz, which he saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah.. In the year that king Uzziah died I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne high and lifted up, and His train filled the temple. | |
| 3021 | 740 | And Azariah (Uzziah) slept with his fathers; and they buried him with his fathers in the city of David; and Jotham his son reigned in his stead. | 15:7 |
| ???? | * | The word of the LORD that came to Micah the Morashtite in the days of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah, which he saw concerning Samaria and Jerusalem. | |
| 3023 | 738 | Pekahiah the son of Menahem began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned two years. | 15:23 |
| 3024 | 737 | Pekah the son of Remaliah began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned twenty years. | 15:27 |
| 3025 | 736 | And Jotham slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father; and Ahaz his son reigned in his stead. | 15:38 |
| 3027 | 734 | Nabu-Nadin-Zer becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3028 | 733 | Then Rezin king of Aram and Pekah son of Remaliah king of Israel came up to Jerusalem to war; and they besieged Ahaz, but could not overcome him. So Ahaz sent messengers to Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria, saying: 'I am thy servant and thy son; come up, and save me out of the hand of the king of Aram, and out of the hand of the king of Israel, who rise up against me.' And the king of Assyria hearkened unto him; and the king of Assyria went up against Damascus, and took it, and carried the people of it captive to Kir, and slew Rezin. | 16:5 16:7 16:8 16:9 |
| 3029 | 732 | Ukin-Zer becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3029 | 732 | Tiglath-Pileser III deports The tribe of Reuben, led by Beerah son of Baal son of Reaiah son of Micah son of Shimei son of Gog son of Shemaiah son of Joel, as recorded in I Chronicles 5:4-6. | |
| 3029 | 732 | And Hoshea the son of Elah made a conspiracy against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and smote him, and slew him, and reigned in his stead. | 15:30 |
| 3030 | * | Decade | |
| 3031 | 730 | Osorkon IV becomes Libian Pharaoh at Tanis | |
| 3032 | 729 | Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria becomes ruler in Babylon, assumes the name "Pul" | |
| 3035 | 726 | Shalmaneser V becomes king of Assyria and Babylon | |
| 3036 | 725 | Against him came up Shalmaneser king of Assyria; and Hoshea became his servant, and brought him presents. And the king of Assyria found conspiracy in Hoshea; for he had sent messengers to So king of Egypt (Osorkon of Tanis), and offered no present to the king of Assyria, as he had done year by year; therefore the king of Assyria shut him up, and bound him in prison. | 17:3 17:4 |
| 3037 | 724 | Then the king of Assyria came up throughout all the land, and went up to Samaria, and besieged it three years. | 17:5 |
| 3040 | * | Decade | |
| 3040 | 721 | Sargon II becomes king of Assyria | |
| 3040 | 721 | the king of Assyria took Samaria, and carried Israel away unto Assyria, and placed them in Halah, and in Habor, on the river of Gozan, and in the cities of the Medes. "Israel" now again refers to all the people of the twelve tribes. | 17:6 |
| 3040 | 721 | Merodach-Baladan becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3041 | 720 | Bakenrenef becomes Egyptian Pharaoh at Sais | |
| 3045 | 716 | Shabaka becomes Nubian Pharaoh at Thebes on the death of his brother Piankhy. | |
| 3045 | 716 | And Ahaz slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David; and Hezekiah his son reigned in his stead. | 16:20 |
| 3046 | 715 | end of the Egyptian dynasty at Sais with the conquest by Shabaka's Nubian forces. | |
| 3046 | 715 | end of the Libian dynasty at Tanis with the conquest by Shabaka's Nubian forces. | |
| 3046 | 715 | Neferkare becomes 23rd dynasty Libian Pharaoh at Leontopolis as Libians regroup. | |
| 3047 | 714 | Nimlot becomes Libian Pharaoh at Leontopolis | |
| 3049 | 712 | Fall of Leontopolis to Shabaka's Nubian forces. Shabaka is now sole Pharaoh of Upper and Lower Egypt. | |
| 3050 | * | Decade | |
| 3051 | 710 | Sargon II of Assyria conquers and becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3056 | 705 | Babylon rebels against Assyrian occupation. | |
| 3057 | 704 | Sennacherib becomes king of Assyria | |
| 3059 | 702 | Shebitku (Horenheb) maries Mutnodjmet, becomes Sennacherib's son-in-law. | |
| 3059 | 702 | Sennacherib king of Assyria came up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them. And Hezekiah king of Judah sent to the king of Assyria to Lachish, saying: 'I have offended; return from me; that which thou puttest on me will I bear.' And the king of Assyria appointed unto Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold. | 18:13 18:14 |
| 3059 | 702 | Sennacherib helps Shebitku become Pharaoh at Thebes | |
| 3059 | 702 | Bel-Ibni becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3060 | * | Decade | |
| 3062 | 699 | Ashur-Nadin-Shum becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3062 | 699 | Manasseh ben Hezekiah born, his mother's name was Hephzibah. | 21:1 |
| 3067 | 694 | Nergal-Ushezib becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3068 | 693 | Mushezib-Marduk becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3070 | * | Decade | |
| 3070 | 691 | And the king of Assyria sent Tartan and Rab-saris and Rab-shakeh from Lachish to king Hezekiah with a great army unto Jerusalem. And they went up and came to Jerusalem. And when they were come up, they came and stood by the conduit of the upper pool, which is in the highway of the fullers' field. | 18:17 |
| 3071 | 690 | Taharqa, son of Piakhy, succeeds his cousin Shebitku as Pharaoh at Thebes | |
| 3071 | 690 | So Rab-shakeh returned, and found the king of Assyria warring against Libnah; for he had heard that he was departed from Lachish. And when he heard say of Tirhakah king of Ethiopia (Taharqa, the Nubian Pharaoh of all Egypt): 'Behold, he is come out to fight against thee'; he sent messengers again unto Hezekiah, saying: 'Thus shall ye speak to Hezekiah king of Judah, saying: Let not thy God in whom thou trustest beguile thee, saying: Jerusalem shall not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria. | 19:8 19:9 |
| ???? | * | Approximate end of Isaiah's ministry, he was mentioned in the events of 3071 but not later. From the death of Uzziah in 3021 to Sennacherib's seige of 3071 would be 50 years as prophet. | |
| 3072 | 689 | Esarhaddon becomes ruler in Babylon as Vice-Regent of Assyria | |
| 3074 | 687 | And Hezekiah slept with his fathers; and Manasseh his son reigned in his stead. | 20:21 |
| 3080 | * | Decade | |
| 3081 | 680 | And it came to pass, as Sennacherib was worshipping in the house of Nisroch his god, that Adrammelech and Sarezer his sons smote him with the sword; and they escaped into the land of Ararat. And Esarhaddon his son reigned in his stead. | 19:37 |
| 3090 | * | Decade | |
| 3090 | 671 | Assyrian forces invade Lower Egypt, pushing Nubian forces out of Memphis. | |
| 3093 | 668 | Ashurbanipal becomes king of Assyria | |
| 3093 | 668 | Shamash-Shum-Ukin becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3097 | 664 | Tanutamun becomes Nubian Pharaoh at Thebes | |
| 3097 | 664 | Psamtik I becomes Egyptian (puppet of Assyria) Pharaoh at Sais | |
| 3097 | 664 | Amon ben Manasseh born, his mother's name was Meshullemeth the daughter of Haruz of Jotbah. | 21:19 |
| 3098 | 663 | Assyrians under Ashurbanipal sack Thebes |
| AM | bce. | Event | Verse |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3100 | * | Decade and Century | |
| 3105 | 656 | Nubians move administration to Meroe in upper Nubia. With no further Nubian power in Upper Egypt, the puppet in Sais is Pharaoh of all Egypt. | |
| 3110 | * | Decade | |
| 3113 | 648 | Civil War in Babylon | |
| 3113 | 648 | Josiah ben Amon born, his mother's name was Jedidah the daughter of Adaiah of Bozkath. | 22:1 |
| 3114 | 647 | Kandalanu becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3119 | 642 | And Manasseh slept with his fathers, and was buried in the garden of his own house, in the garden of Uzza; and Amon his son reigned in his stead. | 21:18 |
| 3120 | * | Decade | |
| 3121 | 640 | And the servants of Amon conspired against him, and put the king to death in his own house. But the people of the land slew all them that had conspired against king Amon; and the people of the land made Josiah his son king in his stead. | 21:23 |
| 3127 | 634 | Jehoiakim ben Josiah born in Judah, and his mother's name was Zebudah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. | 23:36 |
| 3129 | 632 | Jehoahaz ben Josiah born in Judah, and his mother's name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. | 23:31 |
| 3130 | * | Decade | |
| 3134 | 627 | The words of Jeremiah the son of Hilkiah, of the priests that were in Anathoth in the land of Benjamin, to whom the word of the LORD came in the days of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign. | |
| 3136 | 625 | Ashurbanipal dies, his sons Sin-Sahr-Ishkun and Ashur-Etillu-Ili begin civil war for succession. Assyrian forces leave Egypt and the puppet Pharaoh assumes real rule. | |
| 3136 | 625 | Nabopolassar becomes ruler in Babylon | |
| 3138 | 623 | Ezekiel born in Judah | |
| 3139 | 622 | Sin-Sahr-Ishkun becomes king of Assyria, ending civil war. | |
| 3140 | * | Decade | |
| 3140 | 621 | And Hilkiah the high priest said unto Shaphan the scribe: 'I have found the book of the Law in the house of the LORD.' And Hilkiah delivered the book to Shaphan, and he read it. And Shaphan the scribe told the king, saying: 'Hilkiah the priest hath delivered me a book.' And Shaphan read it before the king. And the king sent, and they gathered unto him all the elders of Judah and of Jerusalem. And the king went up to the house of the LORD, and all the men of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem with him, and the priests, and the prophets, and all the people, both small and great; and he read in their ears all the words of the book of the covenant which was found in the house of the LORD. And he put down the idolatrous priests, whom the kings of Judah had ordained to offer in the high places in the cities of Judah, and in the places round about Jerusalem; them also that offered unto Baal, to the sun, and to the moon, and to the constellations, and to all the host of heaven. And he broke down the houses of the sodomites, that were in the house of the LORD, where the women wove coverings for the Asherah. Moreover the altar that was at Beth-el, and the high place which Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel to sin, had made, even that altar and the high place he broke down; and he burned the high place and stamped it small to powder, and burned the Asherah. And all the houses also of the high places that were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke [the LORD], Josiah took away, and did to them according to all the acts that he had done in Beth-el. | 22:8 22:10 23:1 23:2 23:5 23:8 23:15 23:19 |
| 3142 | 619 | Mattaniah ben Josiah born in Judah, and his mother's name was Hamutal the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. | 24:18 |
| 3145 | 616 | Jehoiachin ben Jehoiakim (Josiah's grandson) born in Judah, and his mother's name was Nehushta the daughter of Elnathan of Jerusalem. | 24:9 |
| 3147 | 614 | Ashur captured by Mede/Babylonian alliance | |
| 3149 | 612 | Nineveh captured by Mede/Babylonian alliance, Sin-Sahr-Ishkun dies in burning palace. | |
| 3147 | 612 | Ashur-Uballit II becomes king of Assyria on the death of his brother Sin-Sahr-Ishkun. | |
| 3149 | 612 | Ashur-Uballit II leads Assyrian army retreat to Harran | |
| 3150 | * | Decade | |
| 3151 | 610 | Nekau (Necho or Niku) becomes Pharaoh at Sais | |
| 3152 | 609 | In his days Pharaoh-Nekau king of Egypt went up to meet the king of Assyria at the river Euphrates; and king Josiah went against him; and Nekau slew him at Megiddo (har-Megiddo or Armageddon battle-plain), when he had seen him. | 23:29 |
| 3152 | 609 | And his servants carried Josiah in a chariot dead from Megiddo, and brought him to Jerusalem, and buried him in his own sepulchre. And the people of the land took Jehoahaz the son of Josiah, and anointed him, and made him king in his father's stead. | 23:30 |
| 3152 | 609 | And Pharaoh-Nekau put Jehoahaz in bands at Riblah in the land of Hamath, that he might not reign in Jerusalem; and put the land to a fine of a hundred talents of silver, and a talent of gold. And Pharaoh-Nekau made Eliakim the son of Josiah king in the room of Josiah his father, and changed his name to Jehoiakim; but he took Jehoahaz away; and he came to Egypt, and died there. | 23:33 23:34 |
| 3152 | 609 | Ashur-Uballit II, last king of Assyria, dies. | |
| 3153 | 608 | Mede/Babylonian forces defeat Assyrian forces at Carchemish.. End of Assyria. | |
| 3153 | 608 | Mede/Babylonian forces defeat late arriving Egytptian forces at Carchemish. They cried there: 'Pharaoh king of Egypt is but a noise; he hath let the appointed time pass by.' | |
| 3156 | 605 | Nebuchadnezzar II becomes king of Babylon, Begins his first campaign of subjugation. | |
| 3156 | 605 | A group of upper class youths are sent from Judea to Babylon as a tribute to Nebuchadnezzar ("Daniel" is said to be one of these youths) | |
| 3160 | * | Decade | |
| 3162 | 599 | So Jehoiakim slept with his fathers; and Jehoiachin his son reigned in his stead. | 24:6 |
| 3162 | 599 | At that time the servants of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came up to Jerusalem, and the city was besieged. And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came unto the city, while his servants were besieging it. And Jehoiachin the king of Judah went out to the king of Babylon, he, and his mother, and his servants, and his princes, and his officers; and the king of Babylon took him in the eighth year of his reign. | 24:10 24:11 24:12 |
| 3163 | 598 | And the king of Babylon made Mattaniah his father's brother king in his stead, and changed his name to Zedekiah. | 24:17 |
| 3166 | 595 | Psamtik II becomes Pharaoh at Sais | |
| 3168 | 593 | the word of the LORD came expressly unto Ezekiel the priest, the son of Buzi, in the land of the Chaldeans by the river Chebar; and the hand of the LORD was there upon him. | |
| 3170 | * | Decade | |
| 3171 | 590 | And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his army, against Jerusalem, and encamped against it; and they built forts against it round about. | 25:1 |
| 3172 | 589 | Wahibre (Apries) becomes Pharaoh at Sais | |
| 3174 | 587 | Now in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which was the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, unto Jerusalem. And the residue of the people that were left in the city, and those that fell away, that fell to the king of Babylon, and the residue of the multitude, did Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carry away captive. And as for the people that were left in the land of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had left, even over them he made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, governor at Mizpah. | 25:8 25:11 25:22 |
| 3176 | 585 | Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldeans that were with him at Mizpah. And all the people, both small and great, and the captains of the forces, arose, and came to Egypt; for they were afraid of the Chaldeans. | 25:25 25:26 |
| 3179 | 582 | Nebuchadnezzar orders another deportation from Judea, while campaigning in Syria, Moab and Ammon | |
| 3180 | * | Decade | |
| 3186 | 575 | Nebuchadnezzar completes the Ishtar Gate as part of a Processional Avenue in Babylon. | |
| 3190 | * | Decade | |
| 3191 | 570 | Ahmose II becomes Pharaoh at Sais |
| Continue to 3200-3400 period |
Why did Josiah delay Nechau, allowing the Assyrians and Egyptians to be defeated in detail and setting the stage for the Babylonian destruction of Jerusalem?
The scroll "found" in 3140 changed the nature of Judaism, and introduced a 30 year period (see Ezekiel 18 for the end) when children were held guilty of their parent's sins.
Was the captivity the LORD's punishment on the Family of David and the Temple Priesthood for the power grab of 3140?
How can anyone claim that the existence of a Samaritan Torah at Beth-El proves anything other than the record of Josiah's actions in Samaria?
Blessings, curses and other mail.
Advanced Search
Site Map
Edited
